Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation for acute liver failure: the Hannover experience

Abstract

APOLT has been developed both to enable the native liver to regenerate in acute liver failure and to avoid the risks of long-term immunosuppressive therapy. We present our experience with APOLT in 4 patients with acute liver failure. The patients were 33, 18, 5, and 34 years of age, respectively. The causes of hepatic failure were: one HELLP syndrome, one paracetamol intoxication, and 2 causes which remained undetermined. All patients were in coma before transplantation. First symptoms had occurred 13, 2, 30, and 20 days prior to APOLT, respectively. In all cases, segments II and III of the recipient's own liver were resected before implanting the auxiliary liver orthotopically. The auxiliary graft consisted of segments II and III in 2 cases and of II, III, and IV in the other 2 patients. The auxiliary graft showed good initial function in all cases. All 4 patients are alive 5 years, 15 months, 6 months, and one month after transplantation. In the last patient, an arterial thrombosis of the graft on the 5th postoperative day required retransplantation. The immunosuppressive therapy could be stopped in 3 cases and the graft was removed in 2 patients 15 and 40 days after APOLT, respectively. This shows that APOLT represents an effective treatment for patients with acute liver failure, which enables restoration of native liver function. Thus, APOLT should be considered in every patient with acute and potentially reversible liver failure in whom a transplantation is indicated.