Cyclotron effect on coherent spin precession of two‐dimensional electrons

Abstract

High-mobility two-dimensional electron systems may be one of the bases of future spintronic devices, where the spin
states of ballistic electrons could be manipulated via external gate voltages and the resulting spin-orbit fields. Therefore,
the knowledge of spin dynamics in such systems is of technical interest and offers on the other side an exciting view on
the underlying physics. Here, we present time-resolved Faraday rotation measurements in a high-mobility two-dimensional
electron system in a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well structure grown along the [001] direction. Even without applied external
magnetic fields the optically generated spin ensemble shows a coherent precession about the effective spin-orbit field. If a
nonquantizing magnetic field is applied normal to the sample plane, the effective spin-orbit fields are rotated by the cyclotron
motion of the electrons. This rotation leads to fast oscillations in the spin polarization about a nonzero value and an strong
increase of the spin dephasing times. The measurement data is in excellent agreement with a model based on a kinetic equation
approach.