{
      "keywords": "CAR-T cell; adoptive T cell therapy; gluconate; citrate; melanoma; tumor\r\nmicroenvironment",
      "publication": "Pharmaceutics",
      "fp7_project": "no",
      "title": "Boosting the Activity of Melanoma-Targeting CAR-T Cells in the Presence of Citrate by the Application of Gluconate",
      "oa_research_materials_ack": "No",
      "dir": "bak\/00\/07\/94\/07",
      "doi": "10.3390\/pharmaceutics18050551",
      "date_accepted": "2026-04-27",
      "datestamp": "2026-05-04 15:27:29",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": {
            "honourific": null,
            "given": "Dennis Christoph",
            "lineage": null,
            "family": "Harrer"
          },
          "orcid": "0000-0001-7512-572X",
          "id": "had29496"
        },
        {
          "id": "has18313",
          "orcid": "0000-0002-3894-8345",
          "name": {
            "lineage": null,
            "family": "Haferkamp",
            "given": "Sebastian",
            "honourific": null
          }
        },
        {
          "orcid": null,
          "id": "hew17703",
          "name": {
            "honourific": null,
            "given": "Wolfgang",
            "lineage": null,
            "family": "Herr"
          }
        },
        {
          "orcid": "0000-0001-5222-256X",
          "id": "mym09658",
          "name": {
            "family": "Mycielska",
            "lineage": null,
            "given": "Maria E.",
            "honourific": null
          }
        },
        {
          "id": null,
          "orcid": null,
          "name": {
            "honourific": null,
            "given": "Jan",
            "lineage": null,
            "family": "Dörrie"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": null,
          "orcid": null,
          "name": {
            "honourific": null,
            "given": "Niels",
            "family": "Schaft",
            "lineage": null
          }
        },
        {
          "name": {
            "honourific": null,
            "given": "Hinrich",
            "lineage": null,
            "family": "Abken"
          },
          "orcid": "0000-0002-4302-3240",
          "id": "abh27529"
        },
        {
          "orcid": "0009-0004-6601-6299",
          "id": "drk62541",
          "name": {
            "honourific": null,
            "given": "Konstantin",
            "family": "Drexler",
            "lineage": null
          }
        }
      ],
      "id_number": [
        {
          "type": "doi",
          "name": "10.3390\/pharmaceutics18050551"
        }
      ],
      "refereed": "yes",
      "oa_paid_date": 2026,
      "abstract": "Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells achieve cure in the therapy of hematological malignancies. In solid tumors, however, CAR-T cells face an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) which crucially impedes their cytotoxic capacities. Citrate accumulating in the TME is a crucial metabolite in mediating immune suppression and is consumed by cancer cells promoting growth of various tumors, including melanoma; blocking the citrate transporter pmCiC with gluconate abrogates citrate-mediated tumor growth. Methods: To bolster treatment of melanoma, we explored gluconate as adjuvant for CAR-T cell therapy. Results: First, gluconate did not impair CAR-T cell functional capacities with regard to cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion, and persistence in a “stress test”\r\nbased on repetitive antigen stimulation with cognate cancer cells. The addition of gluconate antagonized the citrate-mediated enhanced proliferation of melanoma cells. As a consequence, the elimination of citrate-boosted melanoma cells by CSPG4-specific CAR-T cells was augmented in the presence of gluconate. Conclusions: Taken together, these data suggest that counteracting citrate-mediated enhanced tumor growth with gluconate may improve the cytotoxic activity of CAR-T cells against melanoma.",
      "documents": [
          {
            "license": "cc_by_4",
            "pos": 1,
            "files": [
                {
                  "uri": "https:\/\/epub.uni-regensburg.de\/id\/file\/668555",
                  "hash_type": "MD5",
                  "mtime": "2026-05-04 15:24:09",
                  "mime_type": "application\/pdf",
                  "objectid": 297717,
                  "filesize": 7082022,
                  "fileid": 668555,
                  "filename": "pharmaceutics-18-00551.pdf",
                  "hash": "7ede083b69d0ede000f1968fe3d17e31",
                  "datasetid": "document"
                }
            ],
            "format": "application\/pdf",
            "uri": "https:\/\/epub.uni-regensburg.de\/id\/document\/297717",
            "placement": 1,
            "mime_type": "application\/pdf",
            "eprintid": 79407,
            "security": "public",
            "docid": 297717,
            "rev_number": 2,
            "main": "pharmaceutics-18-00551.pdf",
            "language": "en",
            "content": "published"
          },
          {
            "placement": 2,
            "mime_type": "application\/pdf",
            "eprintid": 79407,
            "format": "application\/pdf",
            "uri": "https:\/\/epub.uni-regensburg.de\/id\/document\/297718",
            "language": "de",
            "content": "invoice",
            "main": "Drexler, MDPI_pharmaceutics-4266283_2205.25EUR.pdf",
            "security": "staffonly",
            "docid": 297718,
            "pos": 2,
            "rev_number": 2,
            "files": [
                {
                  "objectid": 297718,
                  "filesize": 131155,
                  "fileid": 668558,
                  "uri": "https:\/\/epub.uni-regensburg.de\/id\/file\/668558",
                  "hash_type": "MD5",
                  "mtime": "2026-05-04 15:24:41",
                  "mime_type": "application\/pdf",
                  "hash": "f97fb61fa90d7bab00ed006c63c46dbb",
                  "datasetid": "document",
                  "filename": "Drexler, MDPI_pharmaceutics-4266283_2205.25EUR.pdf"
                }
            ]
          }
      ],
      "historical_projects": [
        "Else-Kröner Fresenius Foundation",
        "Helga-Reifert Foundation",
        "Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)"
      ],
      "userid": 5252,
      "official_url": [
        "http:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics18050551"
      ],
      "uri": "https:\/\/epub.uni-regensburg.de\/id\/eprint\/79407",
      "oa_charge": 2205.25,
      "oa_notes": "Affilliation Reihenfolge falsch wegen Verlagslayout!",
      "contact_email": "konstantin.drexler@ukr.de",
      "tb": 91,
      "eprint_status": "archive",
      "oa_total_cost": 2624.25,
      "volume": 18,
      "issn": [
        "1999-4923"
      ],
      "funders": [
        {
          "id": 1,
          "name": "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)"
        }
      ],
      "rev_number": 16,
      "dfg_compliant": "yes",
      "own_urn": "urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-794074",
      "status_changed": "2026-05-04 15:27:29",
      "all_funder_names": [
        "DFG",
        "German Research Foundation",
        "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)"
      ],
      "acknowledged_funders": "yes",
      "number": 5,
      "type": "article",
      "eprintid": 79407,
      "fp7_type": "info:eu-repo\/semantics\/article",
      "lastmod": "2026-05-04 15:34:17",
      "projects": [
        {
          "int_project_code": "ARRAY(0x563f592e14d8)",
          "id": 445,
          "title": "TRR 221: Steuerung der Transplantat-gegen-Wirt- und Transplantat-gegen-Leukämie-Immunreaktionen nach allogener Stammzelltransplantation",
          "grant": 324392634
        }
      ],
      "ispublished": "pub",
      "date_type": "published",
      "costs_paid": [
        {
          "type": "gold_apc",
          "value": 2205.25
        },
        {
          "type": "vat",
          "value": 419
        }
      ],
      "covered_by_lib_costs": 2000,
      "apc_workflow_stage": "finished",
      "invoice_nr": 4266283,
      "metadata_visibility": "show",
      "full_text_status": "public",
      "date_online": "2026-04-30",
      "pagerange": 551,
      "publisher": "MDPI",
      "oa_type": "gold_paid",
      "date_submitted": "2026-04-02",
      "oa_apc_budget": "hospital",
      "created_here": "yes",
      "oa_funder_ack": "Yes",
      "date": "2026-04-30",
      "subjects": [
        "ddc_2_610"
      ],
      "oa_article_ref": "pharmaceutics-4266283",
      "oa_orig_currency": {
        "value": 2205.25,
        "type": "EUR"
      },
      "institutions": [
        "fak04_06"
      ],
      "own_doi": "10.5283\/epub.79407"
    }