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Heimer, Sina ; Knoll, Gertrud ; Schulze-Osthoff, Klaus ; Ehrenschwender, Martin

Raptinal bypasses BAX, BAK, and BOK for mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and intrinsic apoptosis

Heimer, Sina, Knoll, Gertrud, Schulze-Osthoff, Klaus and Ehrenschwender, Martin (2019) Raptinal bypasses BAX, BAK, and BOK for mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and intrinsic apoptosis. Cell Death & Disease 10 (8), pp. 1-13.

Date of publication of this fulltext: 25 Jul 2019 08:12
Article
DOI to cite this document: 10.5283/epub.40572


Abstract

Most antineoplastic chemotherapies eliminate cancer cells through activation of the mitochondria-controlled intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Therein, BAX, BAK, and/or BOK function as the essential pore-forming executioners of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). The activation threshold of BAX and BAK also correlates inversely with the required strength of an apoptotic stimulus to ...

Most antineoplastic chemotherapies eliminate cancer cells through activation of the mitochondria-controlled intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Therein, BAX, BAK, and/or BOK function as the essential pore-forming executioners of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). The activation threshold of BAX and BAK also correlates inversely with the required strength of an apoptotic stimulus to induce MOMP and thereby effectively determines a cell's readiness to undergo apoptosis. Consequently, the 'gatekeepers' BAX and BAK emerged as therapeutic targets, but functional or genetic loss renders BAX/BAK-targeting strategies prone to fail. Here, we show that the small molecule Raptinal overcomes this limitation by triggering cytochrome c release in a BAX/BAK/BOK-independent manner. Raptinal exerts a dual cytotoxic effect on cancer cells by rapid activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and simultaneous shutdown of mitochondrial function. Together with its efficacy to eliminate cancer cells in vivo, Raptinal could be useful in difficult-to-treat cancer entities harboring defects in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway.



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Details

Item typeArticle
Journal or Publication TitleCell Death & Disease
Publisher:Nature
Place of Publication:LONDON
Volume:10
Number of Issue or Book Chapter:8
Page Range:pp. 1-13
Date19 July 2019
InstitutionsMedicine > Lehrstuhl für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene
Medicine > Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie
Identification Number
ValueType
10.1038/s41419-019-1790-zDOI
KeywordsSMALL-MOLECULE; BCL-2 PROTEIN; CYTOCHROME-C; ACTIVATION; DYSFUNCTION; INHIBITOR; CHANNELS;
Dewey Decimal Classification600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine
StatusPublished
RefereedYes, this version has been refereed
Created at the University of RegensburgYes
URN of the UB Regensburgurn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-405727
Item ID40572

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