Globalisation, Domestic Political Institutions, and Climate Commitment and Performance

URN to cite this document:: urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-436932
DOI to cite this document:: 10.5283/epub.43693

Escher, Romy

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Date of publication of this fulltext: 14 Sep 2020 07:55

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Item type:	Thesis of the University of Regensburg (PhD)
Open Access Type:	Primary Publication
Date:	14 September 2020
Referee:	Prof. Dr. Melanie Walter-Rogg
Date of exam:	22 July 2020
Institutions:	Philosophy, Art History, History, and Humanities > Institut für Politikwissenschaft Philosophy, Art History, History, and Humanities > Institut für Politikwissenschaft > Professur für Methoden der politikwissenschaft - Prof. Dr. Melanie Walter-Rogg
Keywords:	Globalisierung, Handel, Internationale Organisationen, Klima, Klimawandel, Klimakooperation, Klimaperformanz, Umweltperformanz
Dewey Decimal Classification:	300 Social sciences > 300 Social sciences 300 Social sciences > 310 General statistics 300 Social sciences > 320 Political science
Status:	Published
Refereed:	Yes, this version has been refereed
Created at the University of Regensburg:	Yes
Item ID:	43693

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Abstract (English)

Abstract (English)

This study examines whether domestic political institutions moderate the influence of economic and political globalisation on climate commitment and climate performance. It makes four contributions to the literature. First, there has been no systematic research to date on the extent to which domestic political institutions moderate globalisation effects in comparative climate policy research. Instead, three research strands have addressed the joint effect of international integration and domestic political institutions within the broader globalisation literature. The veto-player approach assumes that both ideological heterogeneity among veto players and institutional constraints moderate the effect of globalisation. The political-corruption approach argues that corrupt political decision-makers and public officials affect the environmental consequences of international integration. The regime-type approach suggests that globalisation affects democracies and autocracies in different ways. The present study applies these perspectives to the analysis of climate commitment, as measured by UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol ratification, and performance captured by CO2 emissions. Its findings show that the veto-player approach cannot explain the relationship between globalisation, climate commitment, and performance. However, it does find support for the political-corruption and regime-type approaches. Second, this book contributes to the literature on the joint impact of globalisation and domestic political institutions on the environment. Previous research has focused on domestic pollution, arguing that governments formulating climate policy tend to react in similar ways to the pressures of international competition. The present analysis considers multiple dimensions of globalisation: economic openness, economic interdependence, and international political integration, captured by state involvement in international government organisations (IGOs). While countries may respond in similar ways to international economic pressures in order to stay competitive, domestic political institutions may moderate the scale effects of economic openness and the incentives derived from international political integration. The present findings indicate that the impact of economic interdependence on climate performance in developed countries is independent of veto players and political corruption. In addition, the regime-type and political-corruption approaches improve our understanding of the effect of economic openness on climate performance in developing countries. Aspects of regime type also moderate the effect of international political integration on climate commitment. Third, this study shows that a disaggregated analysis of the moderation effects of institutional explanatory factors can contribute to a better understanding of the climate consequences of globalisation. In addition to earlier research, which suggested that political corruption worsened the negative effects of economic openness, this analysis shows that the interaction effect is independent of the form of political corruption. While political globalisation affects UNFCCC ratification in different ways in democracies and autocracies, civil rights (in particular) strengthen the positive effect of state IGO involvement on Kyoto Protocol ratification. In relation to climate performance, civil rights also moderate the effects of trade and capital openness on developing countries. Finally, this study adds to the literature on treaty design and international cooperation. The interaction effects of regime type and IGO involvement on climate commitment vary in accordance with treaty design.

Translation of the abstract (German)

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, inwiefern innerstaatliche politische Institutionen Einflüsse der ökonomischen und politischen Globalisierung auf die Klimakooperation und Klimaperformanz moderieren. Sie macht vier Beiträge zur Forschungsliteratur: Erstens, trägt sie durch die systematische Analyse von Interaktionseffekten der Globalisierung mit innerstaatlichen Faktoren zur vergleichenden Klimapolitikforschung bei. Hierfür überträgt sie drei Forschungsstränge aus der Globalisierungsforschung auf die Analyse von Klimakooperation und Klimaperformanz. Der Vetospieler-Ansatz nimmt an, dass die ideologische Heterogenität von Vetospielern und/oder institutionelle Beschränkungen Globalisierungseffekte moderieren. Ökonomische Studien argumentieren, dass die Korruption von politischen Entscheidungsträgern und der öffentlichen Verwaltung zu negative Effekten der Globalisierung auf die Umweltperformanz beiträgt. Schließlich, beeinflusst die Globalisierung nach dem Regime-Typ Ansatz Demokratien und Autokratien unterschiedlich. Die vorliegende Studie zeigt, dass insbesondere der politische Korruptions-Ansatz sowie der Regime-Typ-Ansatz zu einem besseren Verständnis der Effekte internationaler Integration auf die Klimakooperation und Klimaperformanz beitragen. Dieses Buch ist zweitens durch die Berücksichtigung mehrerer Dimensionen ökonomischer und politischer Globalisierung für die Globalisierungsforschung relevant. Die bisherige Forschung hat den Fokus auf lokale Umweltprobleme gelegt, da angenommen wurde, dass Regierungen in der Klimapolitik in Einklang mit den ökonomischen Zwängen handeln würden. Die vorliegende Studie argumentiert, dass innerstaatliche Politik allerdings die Effekte direkte Effekte ökonomischer Globalisierung auf Klimaperformanz sowie Effekte politischer Globalisierung moderiert. Diese Arbeit zeigt drittens, dass eine disaggregierte Analyse der Interaktionseffekte politischer Institutionen zu einem besseren Verständnis von Globalisierung beiträgt. Es sind bestimmte Vetospieler sowie spezifische Demokratieaspekte die Globalisierungseffekte beeinflussen. Schließlich trägt diese Arbeit zur Literatur zur Ratifikation internationaler Verträge bei. Sie veranschaulicht, dass Eigenschaften internationaler Klimaverträge die Interaktionseffekte zwischen innerstaatlichen und internationalen Determinanten von Klimakooperation beeinflussen.

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