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Yakubov, Shahboz ; Stockerl, W. J. ; Tian, Xianhai ; Shahin, A. ; Mandigma, M. J. P. ; Gschwind, Ruth Maria ; Barham, Joshua P.

Benzoates as photosensitization catalysts and auxiliaries in efficient, practical, light-powered direct C(sp3)–H fluorinations

Yakubov, Shahboz , Stockerl, W. J., Tian, Xianhai, Shahin, A., Mandigma, M. J. P., Gschwind, Ruth Maria und Barham, Joshua P. (2022) Benzoates as photosensitization catalysts and auxiliaries in efficient, practical, light-powered direct C(sp3)–H fluorinations. Chemical Science 13, S. 14041-14051.

Veröffentlichungsdatum dieses Volltextes: 18 Nov 2022 14:37
Artikel
DOI zum Zitieren dieses Dokuments: 10.5283/epub.53217


Zusammenfassung

Of the methods for direct fluorination of unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds, photosensitization of SelectFluor is a promising approach. Although many substrates can be activated with photosensitizing catalysts, issues remain that hamper fluorination of complex molecules. Alcohol- or amine-containing functional groups are not tolerated, fluorination regioselectivity follows factors endogenous to the ...

Of the methods for direct fluorination of unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds, photosensitization of SelectFluor is a promising approach. Although many substrates can be activated with photosensitizing catalysts, issues remain that hamper fluorination of complex molecules. Alcohol- or amine-containing functional groups are not tolerated, fluorination regioselectivity follows factors endogenous to the substrate and cannot be influenced by the catalyst, and reactions are highly air-sensitive. We report that benzoyl groups serve as highly efficient photosensitizers which, in combination with SelectFluor, enable visible light-powered direct fluorination of unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds. Compared to previous photosensitizer architectures, the benzoyls have versatility to function both (i) as a photosensitizing catalyst for simple substrate fluorinations and (ii) as photosensitizing auxiliaries for complex molecule fluorinations that are easily installed and removed without compromising yield. Our auxiliary approach (i) substantially decreases the reaction's induction period, (ii) enables C(sp3)–H fluorination of many substrates that fail under catalytic conditions, (iii) increases kinetic reproducibility, and (iv) promotes reactions to higher yields, in shorter times, on multigram scales, and even under air. Observations and mechanistic studies suggest an intimate ‘assembly’ of auxiliary and SelectFluor prior/after photoexcitation. The auxiliary allows other EnT photochemistry under air. Examples show how auxiliary placement proximally directs regioselectivity, where previous methods are substrate-directed.



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Details

DokumentenartArtikel
Titel eines Journals oder einer ZeitschriftChemical Science
Verlag:Royal Society of Chemistry
Band:13
Seitenbereich:S. 14041-14051
Datum2022
InstitutionenChemie und Pharmazie > Institut für Organische Chemie > Arbeitskreis Prof. Dr. Ruth Gschwind
Identifikationsnummer
WertTyp
10.1039/D2SC05735BDOI
Dewey-Dezimal-Klassifikation500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 540 Chemie
StatusVeröffentlicht
BegutachtetJa, diese Version wurde begutachtet
An der Universität Regensburg entstandenJa
URN der UB Regensburgurn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-532178
Dokumenten-ID53217

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