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Barnett, Helen Yvette ; Villar, Sofía S. ; Geys, Helena ; Jaki, Thomas

A novel statistical test for treatment differences in clinical trials using a response‐adaptive forward‐looking Gittins Index Rule

Barnett, Helen Yvette, Villar, Sofía S., Geys, Helena und Jaki, Thomas (2021) A novel statistical test for treatment differences in clinical trials using a response‐adaptive forward‐looking Gittins Index Rule. Biometrics 79 (1), S. 86-97.

Veröffentlichungsdatum dieses Volltextes: 29 Sep 2025 10:00
Artikel
DOI zum Zitieren dieses Dokuments: 10.5283/epub.77850


Zusammenfassung

The most common objective for response-adaptive clinical trials is to seek to ensure that patients within a trial have a high chance of receiving the best treatment available by altering the chance of allocation on the basis of accumulating data. Approaches that yield good patient benefit properties suffer from low power from a frequentist perspective when testing for a treatment difference at ...

The most common objective for response-adaptive clinical trials is to seek to ensure that patients within a trial have a high chance of receiving the best treatment available by altering the chance of allocation on the basis of accumulating data. Approaches that yield good patient benefit properties suffer from low power from a frequentist perspective when testing for a treatment difference at the end of the study due to the high imbalance in treatment allocations. In this work we develop an alternative pairwise test for treatment difference on the basis of allocation probabilities of the covariate-adjusted response-adaptive randomization with forward-looking Gittins Index (CARA-FLGI) Rule for binary responses. The performance of the novel test is evaluated in simulations for two-armed studies and then its applications to multiarmed studies are illustrated. The proposed test has markedly improved power over the traditional Fisher exact test when this class of nonmyopic response adaptation is used. We also find that the test's power is close to the power of a Fisher exact test under equal randomization.



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Details

DokumentenartArtikel
Titel eines Journals oder einer ZeitschriftBiometrics
Verlag:Oxford Academic, Oxford University Press
Band:79
Nummer des Zeitschriftenheftes oder des Kapitels:1
Seitenbereich:S. 86-97
Datum20 Oktober 2021
InstitutionenInformatik und Data Science > Fachbereich Maschinelles Lernen und Data Science > Chair for Computational Statistics (Prof. Dr. Thomas Jaki)
Identifikationsnummer
WertTyp
10.1111/biom.13581DOI
Stichwörter / Keywordsallocation probability, inference, nonmyopic, power, testing for superiority
Dewey-Dezimal-Klassifikation000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke > 004 Informatik
StatusVeröffentlicht
BegutachtetJa, diese Version wurde begutachtet
An der Universität Regensburg entstandenNein
URN der UB Regensburgurn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-778505
Dokumenten-ID77850

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