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Koschabek, Sarah ; Kleemiss, Florian ; Espinosa-Jalapa, Noel Angel ; Bauer, Jonathan O.

Silapropofol: Carbon–Silicon Isosterism in a Key Anesthetic Scaffold

Koschabek, Sarah, Kleemiss, Florian , Espinosa-Jalapa, Noel Angel und Bauer, Jonathan O. (2026) Silapropofol: Carbon–Silicon Isosterism in a Key Anesthetic Scaffold. ACS Omega 11 (2), S. 3529-3534.

Veröffentlichungsdatum dieses Volltextes: 28 Jan 2026 17:05
Artikel
DOI zum Zitieren dieses Dokuments: 10.5283/epub.78529


Zusammenfassung

Propofol (2,6-di-iso-propylphenol) (1) is one of the most widely used intravenous anesthetics, yet its high lipophilicity, formulation challenges, and incompletely understood binding mode motivate the exploration of structural analogues. Here, we report the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of the first silicon analogues of propofol, monosilapropofol (2) and disilapropofol (3), in ...

Propofol (2,6-di-iso-propylphenol) (1) is one of the most widely used intravenous anesthetics, yet its high lipophilicity, formulation challenges, and incompletely understood binding mode motivate the exploration of structural analogues. Here, we report the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of the first silicon analogues of propofol, monosilapropofol (2) and disilapropofol (3), in which one or both iso-propyl groups are replaced by dimethylsilyl substituents. Key steps involve optimized [1,3]-retro-Brook rearrangements, with tert-butyllithium-mediated Li/Br exchange enabling efficient access to both targets. Crystalline potassium phenolate 2-K provided the first X-ray diffraction analysis of a silapropofol derivative, and complementary quantum chemical analysis based on orbital, topological, and localizability descriptors revealed pronounced polarization effects and bond umpolung in this pharmacologically relevant scaffold arising from carbon–silicon isosterism. Stability studies under physiological conditions uncovered a strong divergence between the two analogues: while 2 undergoes gradual hydrolysis to 2-iso-propylphenol and dimethylsilanol, 3 proved remarkably robust in neutral saline solution. These findings demonstrate that silicon substitution offers a powerful strategy to modulate both electronic properties and aqueous stability in propofol derivatives, highlighting carbon–silicon isosterism as a valuable concept for anesthetic drug design.



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Details

DokumentenartArtikel
Titel eines Journals oder einer ZeitschriftACS Omega
Verlag:ACS
Band:11
Nummer des Zeitschriftenheftes oder des Kapitels:2
Seitenbereich:S. 3529-3534
Datum7 Januar 2026
InstitutionenChemie und Pharmazie > Institut für Anorganische Chemie
Identifikationsnummer
WertTyp
10.1021/acsomega.5c11217DOI
Stichwörter / KeywordsElectron density; Ethers; Rearrangement; Silicon; Stability
Dewey-Dezimal-Klassifikation500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 540 Chemie
StatusVeröffentlicht
BegutachtetJa, diese Version wurde begutachtet
An der Universität Regensburg entstandenJa
URN der UB Regensburgurn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-785292
Dokumenten-ID78529

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