Background
The increasing demand and changing trends in rhinoplasty surgery emphasize the need for effective doctor–patient communication, for which Artificial Intelligence (AI) could be a valuable tool in managing patient expectations during pre-operative consultations.
Objective
To develop an AI-based model to simulate realistic postoperative rhinoplasty outcomes.
Methods
We trained a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) using 3,030 rhinoplasty patients’ pre- and postoperative images. One-hundred-one study participants were presented with 30 pre-rhinoplasty patient photographs followed by an image set consisting of the real postoperative versus the GAN-generated image and asked to identify the GAN-generated image.
Results
The study sample (48 males, 53 females, mean age of 31.6 ± 9.0 years) correctly identified the GAN-generated images with an accuracy of 52.5 ± 14.3%. Male study participants were more likely to identify the AI-generated images compared with female study participants (55.4% versus 49.6%; p = 0.042).
Conclusion
We presented a GAN-based simulator for rhinoplasty outcomes which used pre-operative patient images to predict accurate representations that were not perceived as different from real postoperative outcomes.
Level of Evidence III
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