Molecular investigations are crucial for further developments in precision medicine. RNA sequencing, alone or in combination with further omic-analyses, resulted in new therapeutic strategies. In this context, biobanks represent infrastructures to store tissue samples and body fluids in combination with clinical data to promote research for new predictive and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic candidate molecules. Until today, the optimal storage conditions are a matter of debate especially with view to the storage temperature. In this unique approach we compared parallel samples from the same tumour, one half stored at - 80 degrees C and one half in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen, with almost identical pre-analytical conditions. We demonstrated that RNA isolated from breast cancer samples revealed significantly higher RINe-values after 10 years of storage in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen compared to storage at - 80 degrees C. In contrast, no significant difference was found regarding the DIN-values after DNA isolation. Morphological changes of the nucleus and cytoplasm, especially in the samples stored at - 80 degrees C, gave insights to degenerative effects, most possibly due to the storage protocol and its respective peculiarities. In addition, our results indicate that exact point-to point documentation beginning at the sample preparation is mandatory.