The microbial metabolite desaminotyrosine enhances T-cell priming and cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors

URN to cite this document:: urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-549119
DOI to cite this document:: 10.5283/epub.54911

Joachim, Laura ; Göttert, Sascha ; Sax, Anna ; Steiger, Katja ; Neuhaus, Klaus ; Heinrich, Paul

; Fan, Kaiji ; Orberg, Erik Thiele ; Kleigrewe, Karin

; Ruland, Jürgen

; Bassermann, Florian ; Herr, Wolfgang ; Posch, Christian ; Heidegger, Simon ; Poeck, Hendrik

License: Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives 4.0
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Date of publication of this fulltext: 24 Oct 2023 14:52

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Background Inter-individual differences in response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remain a major challenge in cancer treatment. The composition of the gut microbiome has been associated with differential ICI outcome, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear, and therapeutic modulation challenging.Methods We established an in vivo model to treat C57Bl/6j mice with the type-I interferon (IFN-I)-modulating, bacterial-derived metabolite desaminotyrosine (DAT) to improve ICI therapy. Broad spectrum antibiotics were used to mimic gut microbial dysbiosis and associated ICI resistance. We utilized genetic mouse models to address the role of host IFN-I in DAT-modulated antitumour immunity. Changes in gut microbiota were assessed using 16S-rRNA sequencing analyses.Findings We found that oral supplementation of mice with the microbial metabolite DAT delays tumour growth and promotes ICI immunotherapy with anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-1. DAT-enhanced antitumour immunity was associated with more activated T cells and natural killer cells in the tumour microenvironment and was dependent on host IFN-I signalling. Consistent with this, DAT potently enhanced expansion of antigen-specific T cells following vaccination with an IFN-I-inducing adjuvant. DAT supplementation in mice compensated for the negative effects of broadspectrum antibiotic-induced dysbiosis on anti-CTLA-4-mediated antitumour immunity. Oral administration of DAT altered the gut microbial composition in mice with increased abundance of bacterial taxa that are associated with beneficial response to ICI immunotherapy.Interpretation We introduce the therapeutic use of an IFN-I-modulating bacterial-derived metabolite to overcome resistance to ICI. This approach is a promising strategy particularly for patients with a history of broad-spectrum antibiotic use and associated loss of gut microbial diversity.Funding Melanoma Research Alliance, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, German Cancer Aid, Wilhelm Sander Foundation, Novartis Foundation.Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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