Abstract
Liquid embolic agents are used for permanent occlusion of capillaries but optimal administration properties are lacking. The lack of visualization by fluoroscopy and the risk of serious complications are disadvantages of conventional embolic agents, such as ethanol and Histoacryl. Onyx is a liquid embolic agent consisting of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer dissolved in various concentrations of ...
Abstract
Liquid embolic agents are used for permanent occlusion of capillaries but optimal administration properties are lacking. The lack of visualization by fluoroscopy and the risk of serious complications are disadvantages of conventional embolic agents, such as ethanol and Histoacryl. Onyx is a liquid embolic agent consisting of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer dissolved in various concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and suspended micronized tantalum powder to provide contrast for fluoroscopy. The physicochemical characteristics of Onyx allow controlled application, forming a defined cast and permanent occlusion. Disadvantages are the high costs. Furthermore, the solvent DMSO requires special catheter material and causes pain during Onyx application. Onyx has been primarily used for interventional neuroradiological treatment but peripheral applications are becoming increasingly more common. Currently, Onyx is mainly used for embolotherapy of endoleaks after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair, for treatment of acute arterial bleeding and for treatment of arteriovenous malformations.
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