Abstract
We report on the effects of electrolytes spanning a range of anions (NaOc, NaSCN, NaNO3, NaBr, NaCl, NaBu, NaOAc, Na2SO4, Na2HPO4, and Na2CO3) and cations (LiCl, NaCl, KCl, CsCl, and choline chloride) on the aqueous solubility of an extended surfactant The surfactant is anionic with a long hydrophobic tail as well as a significant fraction of propylene oxide groups and ethylene oxide groups ...
Abstract
We report on the effects of electrolytes spanning a range of anions (NaOc, NaSCN, NaNO3, NaBr, NaCl, NaBu, NaOAc, Na2SO4, Na2HPO4, and Na2CO3) and cations (LiCl, NaCl, KCl, CsCl, and choline chloride) on the aqueous solubility of an extended surfactant The surfactant is anionic with a long hydrophobic tail as well as a significant fraction of propylene oxide groups and ethylene oxide groups (C12-14-PO16-EO2-SO4Na, X-AES). In the absence of electrolytes, X-AES exhibits a cloud-point temperature that decreases with increasing surfactant concentration. After the addition of salts to the surfactant solutions, various shifts m the solubility curves are observed These shifts follow precisely the same Hofmeister, series that is found for salting in and salting out effects in protein solutions. In the presence of different concentrations of sodium xylene sulfonate (SXS), the solubility of the surfactant increases In this context, SXS can be considered to be a salting in salt. However, when the electrolytes are added to an aqueous solution of X-AES and SXS the Hofmeister series reverses for divalent anions such as Na2SO4, Na2HPO4, and Na2CO3. Studies on the phase behavior and micelle structures using polarization microscopy, freeze-etch TEM, and NMR measurements indicate a dramatic change in the coexisting phases on the addition of SXS.
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