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Weber, Patrick ; Binder, Karin ; Krauss, Stefan

Why Can Only 24% Solve Bayesian Reasoning Problems in Natural Frequencies: Frequency Phobia in Spite of Probability Blindness

Weber, Patrick, Binder, Karin und Krauss, Stefan (2018) Why Can Only 24% Solve Bayesian Reasoning Problems in Natural Frequencies: Frequency Phobia in Spite of Probability Blindness. Frontiers in Psychology 9, S. 1833.

Veröffentlichungsdatum dieses Volltextes: 08 Nov 2018 16:57
Artikel
DOI zum Zitieren dieses Dokuments: 10.5283/epub.37953


Zusammenfassung

For more than 20 years, research has proven the beneficial effect of natural frequencies when it comes to solving Bayesian reasoning tasks (Gigerenzer and Hoffrage, 1995). In a recent meta-analysis, McDowell and Jacobs (2017) showed that presenting a task in natural frequency format increases performance rates to 24% compared to only 4% when the same task is presented in probability format. ...

For more than 20 years, research has proven the beneficial effect of natural frequencies when it comes to solving Bayesian reasoning tasks (Gigerenzer and Hoffrage, 1995). In a recent meta-analysis, McDowell and Jacobs (2017) showed that presenting a task in natural frequency format increases performance rates to 24% compared to only 4% when the same task is presented in probability format. Nevertheless, on average three quarters of participants in their meta-analysis failed to obtain the correct solution for such a task in frequency format. In this paper, we present an empirical study on what participants typically do wrong when confronted with natural frequencies. We found that many of them did not actually use natural frequencies for their calculations, but translated them back into complicated probabilities instead. This switch from the intuitive presentation format to a less intuitive calculation format will be discussed within the framework of psychological theories (e.g., the Einstellung effect).



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Details

DokumentenartArtikel
Titel eines Journals oder einer ZeitschriftFrontiers in Psychology
Verlag:Frontiers
Ort der Veröffentlichung:LAUSANNE
Band:9
Seitenbereich:S. 1833
Datum12 Oktober 2018
InstitutionenMathematik > Prof. Dr. Stefan Krauss
Identifikationsnummer
WertTyp
10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01833DOI
WOS:000447153400001Web of Science
Stichwörter / KeywordsBayesian reasoning; natural frequencies; probabilities; einstellung; tree diagram
Dewey-Dezimal-Klassifikation500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 510 Mathematik
StatusVeröffentlicht
BegutachtetJa, diese Version wurde begutachtet
An der Universität Regensburg entstandenJa
URN der UB Regensburgurn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-379537
Dokumenten-ID37953

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