The paper introduces a structured approach to transforming healthcare towards personalized, preventive, predictive, participative precision (P5) medicine and the related organizational, methodological and technological requirements. Thereby, the deployment of autonomous systems and artificial intelligence is inevitably. The paper discusses opportunities and challenges of those technologies from a humanistic and ethical perspective. It shortly introduces the essential concepts and principles, and critically discusses some relevant projects. Finally, it offers ways for correctly representing, specifying, implementing and deploying autonomous and intelligent systems under an ethical perspective.