Zusammenfassung
For patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), pneumococcal, influenza, zoster, and hepatitis B vaccines are especially relevant and are recommended by several scientific bodies. For these infections either the risk of infection or of complicated infections is significantly higher in patients with than in patients without diabetes mellitus. Especially the combination of pneumococcal and influenza ...
Zusammenfassung
For patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), pneumococcal, influenza, zoster, and hepatitis B vaccines are especially relevant and are recommended by several scientific bodies. For these infections either the risk of infection or of complicated infections is significantly higher in patients with than in patients without diabetes mellitus. Especially the combination of pneumococcal and influenza vaccines should be administered and carefully monitored by the general practitioner and the diabetes specialist as these infections can have synergistic effects. For DM patients both the increased risk of pneumonia and the increased risk of cardiovascular complications can be influenced dramatically by the administration of both vaccines. DM patients with comorbidities especially with renal insufficiency have an even higher risk for infectious complications and have a reduced response to some of the vaccines. Therefore, adapted immunization schedules, ., for hepatitis B and travel vaccinations should be used in these patients. All recommended vaccines are effective, have a high level of safety, and no negative effects on the underlying disease. Additionally booster vaccinations (e.aEuro., tetanus and pertussis) depending on the vaccination history and patients' age as well as travel vaccinations or other vaccinations should be administered if indicated.
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