Non-invasive and continuous monitoring of the sol–gel phase transition of supramolecular gels using a fast (open-ended coaxial) microwave sensor

Abstract

An open coaxial re-entrant microwave sensor has been used for the non-invasive and continuous monitoring of the sol-gel transition of physical gels characterized by different gelation mechanisms, solvents, compositions, and stabilities. Comparison of measurements by differential scanning calorimetry allowed the identification of the phase transition by a change in the dielectric properties of the material over time.