Rank gradients of infinite cyclic covers of 3-manifolds

Zusammenfassung

Given a 3-manifold M with no spherical boundary components, and a primitive class phi is an element of H-1 (M;Z), we show that the following are equivalent: (1) phi is a fibered class, (2) the rank gradient of (M,phi) is zero, (3) the Heegaard gradient of (M,phi) is zero.,